each
to see if foreach is in last element of array in PHP5 you can use the end() function...
<?php
$test = array( 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 );
foreach($test as $value)
{
if (end($test) == $value)
{
echo "I'm the last";
}
}
?>
end
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
end — Set the internal pointer of an array to its last element
Description
end() advances array 's internal pointer to the last element, and returns its value.
Parameters
- array
-
The array. This array is passed by reference because it is modified by the function. This means you must pass it a real variable and not a function returning an array because only actual variables may be passed by reference.
Return Values
Returns the value of the last element or FALSE for empty array.
Examples
Example #1 end() example
<?php
$fruits = array('apple', 'banana', 'cranberry');
echo end($fruits); // cranberry
?>
See Also
- current() - Return the current element in an array
- each() - Return the current key and value pair from an array and advance the array cursor
- prev() - Rewind the internal array pointer
- reset() - Set the internal pointer of an array to its first element
- next() - Advance the internal array pointer of an array
add a note
User Contributed Notesend
y dot vecchi at gmail dot com
22-Oct-2009 10:35
22-Oct-2009 10:35
Sam Yong - hellclanner at live dot com
24-Aug-2009 03:05
24-Aug-2009 03:05
Take note that end() does not recursively set your multiple dimension arrays' pointer to the end.
Take a look at the following:
<?php
// create the array for testing
$a = array();
$i = 0;
while($i++ < 3){
$a[] = array(dechex(crc32(mt_rand())),dechex(crc32('lol'.mt_rand())));
}
// show the array tree
echo '<pre>';var_dump($a);
// set the pointer of $a to the end
end($a);
// get the current element of $a
var_dump(current($a));
// get the current element of the current element of $a
var_dump(current(current($a)));
?>
You will notice that you probably get something like this:
array(3) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(8) "764d8d20"
[1]=>
string(8) "85ee186d"
}
[1]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(8) "c8c72466"
[1]=>
string(8) "a0fdccb2"
}
[2]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(8) "3463a31b"
[1]=>
string(8) "589f6b63"
}
}
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(8) "3463a31b"
[1]=>
string(8) "589f6b63"
}
string(8) "3463a31b"
The array elements' pointer are still at the first one as current. So do take note.
admin at nabito dot net
06-Aug-2008 10:04
06-Aug-2008 10:04
This is simple way how to get file extension.
<?php
$filename = 'somefile.jpg';
echo end(explode(".", $filename)); // return jpg string
$filename = 'the_another_file.html';
echo end(explode(".", $filename)); // return html string
?>
Sven Arduwie
15-May-2007 11:43
15-May-2007 11:43
RE: mika dot stenberg at helsinki dot fi
Your function array_set_current is flawed:
function array_set_current(&$array, $key){
reset($array);
while(current($array)){
if(key($array) == $key){
break;
}
next($array);
}
}
Notice that current() cannot distinguish the end of an array from a boolean FALSE element value. For example, try this:
$array = array(false, 'This', 'is', 'a', 'test');
array_set_current($array, 3);
var_dump(current($array));
This will work:
function array_set_current(&$array, $key) {
reset($array);
foreach ($array as $value) {
if (key($array) === $key) {
break;
}
}
}
Also, I prefer key($array) === $key over key($array) == $key.
egingell at sisna dot com
06-May-2007 09:40
06-May-2007 09:40
Posted by johnny at west dot net
03-Nov-2006 06:45
>> An easier way to get the last key:
>> $lastkey = end(array_keys($arr));
As stated in a previous note, this may not function as expected (or at all) as end() takes the parameter by reference and you cannot pass a function call by reference.
johnny at west dot net
03-Nov-2006 04:45
03-Nov-2006 04:45
An easier way to get the last key:
$lastkey = end(array_keys($arr));
jasper at jtey dot com
11-Jul-2006 10:48
11-Jul-2006 10:48
This function returns the value at the end of the array, but you may sometimes be interested in the key at the end of the array, particularly when working with non integer indexed arrays:
<?php
// Returns the key at the end of the array
function endKey($array){
end($array);
return key($array);
}
?>
Usage example:
<?php
$a = array("one" => "apple", "two" => "orange", "three" => "pear");
echo endKey($a); // will output "three"
?>
Flavio Ventura
29-Nov-2005 06:02
29-Nov-2005 06:02
In some previous post you can use
current($array)
instead of
$array[key($array)]
I think it's more self-explaining.
ken at expitrans dot com
27-Oct-2005 07:02
27-Oct-2005 07:02
Please note that from version 5.0.4 ==> 5.0.5 that this function now takes an array. This will possibly break some code for instance:
<?php
echo ">> ".end(array_keys(array('x' => 'y')))."\n";
?>
which will return "Fatal error: Only variables can be passed by reference" in version <= 5.0.4 but not in 5.0.5.
If you run into this problem with nested function calls, then an easy workaround is to assign the result from array_keys (or whatever function) to an intermediary variable:
<?php
$x = array_keys(array('x' => 'y'));
echo ">> ".end($x)."\n";
?>
mika dot stenberg at helsinki dot fi
11-Aug-2005 04:24
11-Aug-2005 04:24
Here's something useful with arrays that I did: change an items position up or down in array. Thanks to previous posters for some useful functions (included):
// $mode -1 (negat) moves the item down, +1 (pos) moves the item up
// I used this because i parsed the mode from the query string
// You get the picture though
// $from_id points which item to move
function change_pos($array, $from_id, $mode){
// get hold of the beginning and the end
$start = first($array);
$end = last($array);
reset($array);
// find the position in an array
array_set_current($array, $from_id);
// remember the old value
$temp = $archive[ $from_id ];
// move down
if ($uusi_id < 0){
if (key($array) != $end) {
$array[ $from_id ] = next($array);
$array[key($aray)] = $temp;
}
else echo "Couldnt move it!";
}
// move up
else if ( key($array) != $start ) {
$array[ $from_id ] = prev($array);
$array[key($array)] = $temp;
save($array);
}
else echo "Couldnt do it !";
}
function array_set_current(&$array, $key){
reset($array);
while(current($array)){
if(key($array) == $key){
break;
}
next($array);
}
}
function first(&$array) {
if (!is_array($array)) return null;
if (!count($array)) return null;
reset($array);
return key($array);
}
function last(&$array) {
if (!is_array($array)) return null;
if (!count($array)) return null;
end($array);
return key($array);
}
12-May-2005 11:21
Fix for unknown writer of 29-aug-2002.
If you need to get a reference to the first or last element of an array, use these functions:
function &first(&$array) {
if (!is_array($array))
return null;
if (!count($array))
return false; // like reset()
reset($array);
return $array[key($array)];
}
function &last(&$array) {
if (!is_array($array))
return null;
if (!count($array))
return false; // like end()
end($array);
return $array[key($array)];
}
Example (watch out - use as &last() and &first()):
$a = array( 0 => 'less', 10 => 'ten', 20 => ' more');
if ($first = & first($a)) // not false or null
$first = 'nothing';
if ($last = & last($a)) // not false or null
$last = 'double';
Now $a is array( 0 => 'nothing', 10 => 'ten', 20 => ' double')
29-Aug-2002 04:34
If you need to get a reference on the first or last element of an array, use these functions because reset() and end() only return you a copy that you cannot dereference directly:
function first(&$array) {
if (!is_array($array)) return &$array;
if (!count($array)) return null;
reset($array);
return &$array[key($array)];
}
function last(&$array) {
if (!is_array($array)) return &$array;
if (!count($array)) return null;
end($array);
return &$array[key($array)];
}
29-Aug-2002 04:17
When adding an element to an array, it may be interesting to know with which key it was added. Just adding an element does not change the current position in the array, so calling key() won't return the correct key value; you must first position at end() of the array:
function array_add(&$array, $value) {
$array[] = $value; // add an element
end($array); // important!
return key($array);
}